| ALGAE: |
 Usually a green fungus or fungus-like plant that attaches itself to roofing in certain conditions. Algae may leave dark stains on |
| roofing material. |
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| ANGLED FASTENERS: |
| Nails or staples that are driven at angles other than perpendicular to the roofing deck. |
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| APRON FLASHING: |
| Metal flashing installed around the base of a chimney as part of the waterproofing. |
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| ARMA (ASPHALT ROOFING MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION): |
| A Roofing Industry trade organization. |
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| ASPHALT: |
| A bituminous coal derivative used as a waterproofing agent in many types of roofing materials. |
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| BASE SHEET: |
| The first course or layer on a low slope roof. |
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| BLISTERING: |
| Bubble-like nodes that appear in roofing material, most often caused by trapped moisture. |
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| BLOW-OFFS: |
| Shingles torn off a roof by high winds. |
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| BUCKLING: |
| Raised areas caused by ridges or other irregularities in the deck or underlayments. |
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| CAMELOT™ SHINGLE: |
| A GAF premium design, laminated shingle. |
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| CAP SHEET: |
| The top layer on a low slope roof. |
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| CLOSED-CUT VALLEY: |
| Installation method whereby the shingles on one roof plane completely overlay the shingles on an adjoining roof plane. |
| The top layer is then cut along the valley lines. |
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| COBRA®: |
| GAF's brand name for ventilation products. |
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| COCKER SPANIEL: |
| Cute dogs, but having no relationship to roofing...except, maybe, for Sam (Click Here) |
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| CORROSION: |
| Disintegration of roofing metals from rust, rot and age. |
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| COUNTER FLASHING: |
| Metal (or siding material) installed over the rooftop base flashing. |
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| COUNTRY MANSION® AND COUNTRY ESTATES™: |
| GAF's limited lifetime warranty shingles. |
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| CRICKET: |
| A device installed to divert water around large roof projections, such as chimneys, |
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| CUPPING: |
| Curling of shingles due to improper installation, overexposure etc. |
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| DECK: |
| The surface (substrate) to which the roofing materials are applied. Most often, the deck is made of plywood or wood planking. |
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| DORMER: |
| A small peaked roof that projects out from a larger intersecting roof plane. |
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Dormer
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| DRIP EDGE: |
| A lip installed to raise shingles off the edge of the deck and extend them out over the eaves and gutters. This is done to |
| help prevent water from backing up under the shingles. |
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| EAVES: |
| The edge of the roof from the fascia to the outside wall of the structure. Generally, the first three feet across a roof is |
| called the eave. |
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| EXPOSURE: |
| The term given to any area of the roof exposed to the elements. |
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| FASTENERS: |
| Hardware (nails etc.) used to secure roofing to the deck. |
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| FELT: |
| Rolled material containing asphalt that is laid down prior to installing the shingles. |
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| FIBERGLASS MAT: |
| Man-made fiber s pressed into mats for use as a roofing material. |
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| FLANGE: |
| Metal that extends up or down a roof slope around the flashing at chimneys and vent stacks. |
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| FLASHING: |
| Waterproofing materials installed around chimneys and other projections through the roof deck. |
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| FLASHING CEMENT: |
| Sealant specifically developed for use in conjunction with flashing. |
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| FREEDOM™ |
| GAF's self-adhering TPO (Thermo Plastic Polyolefin) low slope roofing membrane. |
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| GABLE ROOF: |
| A peaked roof consisting of two planes of equal size meeting at a ridge line . |
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| GOLDEN PLEDGE® |
| GAF's strongest limited warranty for shingles and North America's strongest steep slope warranty. |
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| GRAND SEQUOIA®: |
| GAF simulated wood shake shingle. |
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| GRAND SLATE™ |
| GAF simulated slate shingle. |
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| GRAND TIMBERLINE™ |
| GAF's large sized Color Timberline™ shingle. |
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| GRANULES: |
| Ceramic coated crushed rock particle surfacing for shingles. |
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| HIGH NAILING: |
| Fastening a shingle at a point above that specified by the manufacturer. |
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| HIP LEGS: |
| The down-slope ridges on hip roofs. |
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| HIP ROOF: |
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| A roof design whereby four roof planes join together at a peak and having four separate hip legs. |
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| ICE DAM: |
| Condition where a snow load melts and the run-off refreezes at the eaves. Water gathers behind the "dam" and can back up, |
| causing leakage. |
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| INSIDE CORNER: |
| Area formed by two walls meeting and forming a "pocket" or "U" shape. |
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| "L" FLASHING: |
| Strip of metal flashing bent to have an "L" profile. |
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| LAMINATED SHINGLES: |
| Two-ply shingles such as GAF Timberline® Series, Country Mansion® and Grand Sequoia®. Also referred to as dimensional |
| or architectural shingles. |
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| LAPS: |
| The area where roll roofing and/or roll underlayments overlap. |
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| LEATHERBACK® |
| GAF brand roofing felts. |
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| LIBERTY® |
| GAF brand modified bitumen, self adhering low-slope roofing system. |
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| LOW SLOPE: |
| A roof that pitches less than 4/12 is considered a low slope roof. Roofs pitched 2/12 to 4/12 require special techniques. |
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| MORTAR |
| A cement-like preparation used for bonding and pointing chimney bricks. |
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| NAIL GUIDELINE: |
| A line painted on shingles to show the proper placement of fasteners. Color |
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| NAIL-POP: |
| When a nail works it's way up or is not fully driven into the deck. |
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| OSB (ORIENTED STRAND BOARD) |
| Wood composition decking material made from chips and laminating glues. |
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| OVERDRIVEN: |
| Term used to describe fasteners driven with excessive force and damaging the roofing material. |
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| OVEREXPOSED: |
| The term used to describe shingle courses installed higher than manufacturers' specifications. |
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| PITCH: |
| The ratio of rise of the roof to the span of the roof. |
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| PIPE BOOTS: |
| Preflashed membrane used to waterproof vent stacks. |
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| PLUMBING VENTS: |
| Vent pipes that project through the roof. Also referred to as vent stacks. |
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| PREVAILING WIND |
| The most common direction that wind comes from in a given region. |
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| RAKE EDGE: |
| The vertical edge of gabled roof planes. |
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| RAPID SEAM® |
| GAF's TPO self adhered membrane seam. Eliminates the need for priming the seam areas. |
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| RELEASE FILM: |
| The protective, plastic film packaging on the back of Weather Watch and StormGuard underlayments. The film is removed |
| before the underlayments are installed. |
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| RIDGE VENT: |
| Hard plastic vent material designed for roof ridges. |
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| ROOF LOUVRES: |
| Rectangular roof vents. (Also referred to as airhawks, box vents, mushroom vents or soldier vents) |
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| ROOF PLANE: |
| Roof area bounded by four edges as in one side of a gable or three edges as in a hipped roof. |
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Roof Planes (green) shown on a
saltbox and a hipped roof, respectively.
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| ROUGH OPENING: |
| An opening cut into the roof decking prior to installation of a skylight. |
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| SAWTEETH: |
| The exposed double-thickness area on Timberline® Series shingles that are shaped to simulate wood shakes on the roof. |
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| SEAM CLEANER: |
| Solvent used to prepare and clean a seam prior to laying the membrane. |
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| SELF-ADHERING: |
| Roofing membranes that come with pre-applied adhesives eliminating the need for torching or melting or any additional |
| application of adhesives. |
| SELF-SEALANT: |
| Factory applied compound on shingles that is activated by the sun after installation and seals shingles together. |
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| SHED ROOF: |
| A pitched roof consisting of one plane. |
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Shed Roof
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| SHINGLE-MATE® |
| GAF's branded underlayment for shingles. This is a "breather" type, backed with fiberglass to reduce wrinkles an Color d buckling. |
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| SIDE-LAPS: |
| The overlapping edge on rolled material, also referred to as the selvage edge. |
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| SIDE-WALLS: |
| Where a vertical roof plane meets a vertical wall as in the sides of dormers. |
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| SOFFIT VENTILATION: |
| Fresh air intakes under the eaves or at the edges of a roof. |
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| SMART CHOICE® LIMITED WARRANTY: |
| GAF's standard shingle limited warranty. |
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| SMART CHOICE® SYSTEM PLUS LIMITED WARRANTY: |
| GAF's enhanced warranty offering owners extended coverage. |
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| STARTER STRIP: |
| The first course of shingles applied to the roof. The starter strip normally consists of shingles that are trimmed from the |
| main roofing material. |
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| STEEP SLOPE ROOFING: |
| In general, slopes higher than 4/12 are considered steep slope roofs. |
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| STEP-FLASHING: |
| Metal flashing material installed at side-walls and projections as part of the waterproofing. |
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| STORMGUARD® |
| GAF brand Leak Barrier Film. |
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| TEAR-OFF |
| The removal of the existing materials on a roof, down to the deck, prior to the installation of replacement materials. |
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| TELEGRAPHING: |
| Unevenness of the roofing deck or underlayment that is reflected in the shingles. |
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| TERMINATION BAR: |
| The metal bar that is installed at the edge of a roof to close off or "terminate" the roofing membrane. Referred to as |
| the "term bar". |
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| TIMBERTEX® |
| GAF brand Hip and ridge shingles. |
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| TIMBERLINE® SERIES: |
| GAF's brand name for "wood look" laminated shingles. |
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| T-JOINTS: |
| The point of overlap of two membranes that are not installed parallel to each other. Special attention is given to T-Joints to avoid gaps. |
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| TPO: |
| Thermo Plastic Polyolefin, a polymer based material used for roofing membranes. Usually white in color, standard TPO |
| membranes are manufactured by melting polymers onto a polyester mat sheets. |
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| TRANSITION: |
| The point where one roof plane ties into another roof plane that has a dissimilar pitch or slope, as in an intersecting roof. |
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Transition
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| ULTRAFLEX ™ LEAK BARRIER: |
| Extremely flexible membrane with a pre-applied, aggressive adhesive. |
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| UNDER-DRIVEN: |
| Fasteners not fully driven into the shingle. Underdriven fasteners do not sit flush with the surface. |
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| UNDERLAYMENTS: |
| Asphalt based materials installed under the shingles or other top layer roofing. Dispensed on rolls. |
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| UNIVERSAL STARTER STRIPS: |
| GAF's starter strips designed to be used under a large variety of shingle types. |
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| VALLEY: |
| The area where two sloped roof planes come together to form a "V". |
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| VAPOR: |
| Water-laden air. |
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| VENTILATION: |
| In roofing, the exchange of air from an enclosed area to the outside. |
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| WARM WALL: |
| A finished wall inside a structure. It is used to determine how to install Leak Barriers at the eaves. |
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| WARRANTY: |
| The written promise of the manufacturer of roofing materials that the product will perform to specifications. |
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| WEATHER STOPPER® INTEGRATED ROOFING SYSTEM™ |
| GAF's complete roofing system and it's components. |
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| WEATHER WATCH® |
| GAF's granule surfaced waterproofing underlayment. |
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| WOVEN VALLEY: |
| Technique of shingling valleys by interleaving one shingle over another up the center of a valley. |
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| Names of some of the most common roof designs: |
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Gable
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Flat
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Gambrel
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Intersecting
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Salt -Box
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Hip
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Pavilion Hip
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Mansard
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Shed
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Dormer
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Found abandoned on an eastern Long Island highway, Sam has become
an integral part of the RW Mulligan Company and Tom's sidekick.
"I spend a lot of time up on the roof", says Tom, "and Sam helps to keep me
grounded. She's all about friendship and loyalty; a constant reminder not to
overlook the important things in life."
When Tom comes to estimate a job, look in the cab of his pick-up and introduce
yourself to Sam. |
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